Utilities Surveys

GPR is a non-destructive testing method used in various fields, it is an electromagnetic method that uses a pulse of high-frequency radio waves, the radio waves reflect and refract at boundaries. The equipment is commonly referred to as a GPR unit and it consists of a transmitter antenna and a receiver antenna.

As the transmitter moves across the ground, it emits brief electromagnetic waves that are reflected back to the receiver. These boundaries are considered the interfaces between materials with different electrical properties, such as sand and bedrock or rebar and concrete.

 A radar wave’s velocity is determined by the physical properties of the medium it is traveling through; ultimately the radar wave will propagate at different speeds through different materials, such as that of a sediment saturated with water, the propagation velocity decreases because they have high dielectric permittivity.